《对话·互动--Profoto（保富图）专业摄影师》
智慧的对话，思想的交锋。听他们讲拍照那些事，捕捉精彩瞬间，带我们走进不一样的光影世界。
更多采访内容，布光知识，尽在色影无忌保富图专区
编者按：Adam Pretty 于1997年作为新闻摄影师加入《悉尼先驱晨报》，开始其职业摄影师生涯。1998年，他加入Getty Images 成为亚太区首席体育摄影。Pretty先生尤其热爱水下摄影，他创造了独特的水下摄影方法，并多次获得国际大奖。此次，Adam Pretty 接受了色影无忌独家专访，与大家分享他的摄影历程和对摄影的理解与探讨。
“这是我真正的激情所在。”
“走出去，拍摄！获取经验。”
“保持尝试，犯错误并从中吸取教训。”
——Adam Pretty 如是说
盖蒂图片社首席体育摄影师Adam Pretty
这是我真正的激情所在
色影无忌：Adam 您好，很高兴此次借由Profoto这个平台采访到您。 1997年的时候，您是因为怎样的契机加入《悉尼先驱晨报》，开始摄影师生涯的呢？
Xitek : Hello Adam, We are very glad to interview you today through Profoto Platform on Xitek. Please tell us how you became the «Sydney Morning Herald» photographer back in 1997.
Adam:I finished high school in 1994 and went to university to study Visual Communications, however I was eager to obtain experience working in the photography industry so I was looking for a job as well. A new position became available at the Sydney Morning Herald in 1995, working in the Mac room, scanning and printing images from digital negative into the computer and outputting them to the printers. I applied and got the job as I had quite a bit of experience printing in my own home darkroom and also taking pictures. Being pretty young I was familiar with computers,when, at that time, many photographers were not that comfortable using them. After a few years in that role, and constantly taking pictures and doing small assignments on my days off, I was given a job as a full time news photographer at the Sydney Morning Herald.
1994年，我高中毕业，并且进入大学学习视觉通讯，无论如何，我渴望在摄影行业得到工作经验，所以我也一直在找寻相关工作。1995年，《悉尼先驱晨报》有一份新的职位，在Mac房间工作，扫描和打印图像，将数字负片输入计算机，由打印机输出它们。我申请并得到了这份工作，因为我有相当多在自己家里暗房冲印的经验，同时还拍照。年轻的我对计算机非常熟练，在那个时候，很多摄影师并不能很熟练的使用它们。几年后因为这个角色，在我休息日时不断的拍照和做小任务，我在《悉尼先驱晨报》得到了一份全职新闻摄影师的工作。
色影无忌：您觉得1998年加入Getty Images 后，您的摄影师生涯有什么不同么？
Xitek : Then in 1998 after you started to work for Getty Images, do you think something changed in your way of taking pictures ?
Adam:I started shooting sports full time when I joined Getty, which was my real passion. Being able to focus on sports photography full time really helped me improve as a sports photographer. It was also a very different way of working, being in an agency environment rather than with a newspaper, so that influenced my photography as well.
当我加入Getty图片社时，开始专职拍摄体育运动题材的图片，这是我真正的激情所在。作为一个全职体育摄影师，能够专注于体育摄影真的帮助我提高了很多。它也是一个非常不同的工作方式，在一个机构的环境而不是报纸，这样影响了我的摄影风格。
色影无忌：小时候有料想自己会从事摄影师职业么？
Xitek : As a kid, did you ever wanted to be a professional photographer ?
Adam:Yes! From the age of 15 I thought I would like to do this as a profession.
是的！15岁的时候我想我开始愿意从事这个职业。
通过实践不断尝试，你需要具备敢于冒险的精神
色影无忌：您的作品多次获得国际大奖，您认为是什么特质让您的作品无往而不利，吸引评委和大众眼球的呢？
Xitek : World Press Photo，Sony World Photography Awards，Pictures of the Year International，NPPA Best of Photojournalism... Your pictures won several awards over the years, what do you think is the specificity of your work that bring attention in judges and public eyes ?
Adam:I think if you really express yourself through your work, strive to shoot something different and try and develop a unique visual style your work will be noticed by judges and the public. This definitely helps get your pictures published and, by extension, gets you noticed in competitions as something slightly different will – hopefully! - make your work stand out from the other entries and catch the eye of a judge. Keep trying to push your photography forward by experimenting and not being afraid to make mistakes. You really need to take a few risks in order to capture something different and surprising.
我认为如果你真的想通过你的工作表达自己的思想，那么力求拍出与众不同的作品，并尝试开发一种独特的视觉风格，将会吸引评为和大众的关注。这显然可以有助于让你的作品发表，并通过其拓展，进而让你注意到，与比赛略有不同的东西——希望！使你在工作中脱颖，并且捕获评委的眼球。通过实践不断尝试，努力增强你的摄影技术，不要害怕犯错误。为了捕捉与众不同且令人惊奇的东西，你需要具备敢于冒险的精神。
你日常看到的，会影响你的风格和故事
色影无忌：我们知道北京奥运会期间，您也是提早深入北京奥运场馆并与奥运冠军亲密接触，能谈谈那次经历么？对北京，对中国的印象是？
Xitek : So we know that during the 2008 Beijing Olympics, you had an earlier and more in-depth access to the facilities and the olympics athletes. Can you talk about this experience ? What is your experience in Beijing and regarding China at that time ?
Adam:Yes, I worked with Xiqin Zhou, Assignments Editor from Getty Images’ Beijing office, who was able to secure wonderful access to a great range of Chinese athletes, and I had an awesome experience working with them! I could pretty much come up with any picture ideas, propose them to the athletes and sports governing bodies and most of the time they said yes. As a result, we managed to capture a really nice collection of images of the Chinese Olympians in the lead up to the games. The athletes were great to work with and much more open to photography than athletes I had worked with overseas in the past. I was really impressed by the level of professionalism. If I asked an athlete to do something specific they would pretty much get it right first time, meaning we could achieve a lot more within the short period of time we had with the athletes.
是的，我曾与Getty图片社北京办事处的编辑Xiqin Zhou（Ps ：不知道这个中文名字的正确拼写）一起工作。有谁能够保证与大部分的中国运动员有过精彩访问？我与他们有一个了不起的合作经验。我几乎可以提出任何关于图片的想法，向运动员和体育管理委员会建议，大多数时间他们都说没问题。结果，我们捕捉到了中国奥运健儿在备战奥运时期非常真实和好的图像。与运动员一起工作很好，比以前我在海外与运动员一起共事存在更多的可能性。我对他们的专业水平真的印象非常深刻。如果我问运动员是否可以做某些特定动作时，通常他们第一次就可以非常正确的做到，这意味着我们可以在短时间内实现的更多。
色影无忌：东方文化对你的作品创作有影响么？
Xitek : Over the years, did oriental culture had any influence in your work ?
Adam:Definitely, I think anywhere you work and live has a huge influence over what you are producing as photography is purely visual. Whatever you are seeing day to day will really influence your style and storytelling. I lived in Beijing from 2007 - 2011 and during this time travelled around the country shooting news, sports and entertainment as well as assignments everywhere from Beijing to Zhuhai to Chengdu, and shot the swimming, underwater and triathlon at the 2008 Olympics. I am currently based in Tokyo and continue to I travel to China on assignment for commercial clients such as Adidas.. My experience living and working in Beijing has influenced my photography by saturating me with Chinese culture and experiences.
当然，我认为在任何地方，你的工作与生活有着巨大的影响力，超过你拍摄呈现的纯粹的视觉。你日常看到的，会影响你的风格和故事。2007年—— 2011年期间，我住在北京，在这段期间内走遍全国各地，拍摄新闻、体育和娱乐，以及指派到各处，从北京到珠海、成都等等...并在2008年奥运会时拍摄游泳、水下及铁人三项全能项目。我目前住在东京，继续为我之前在中国的商业客户拍摄，如阿迪达斯等等...随着我对中国文化的理解和经历，我在北京生活、工作的经验已经影响了我的摄影创作。
保持专注，试着达到目的
色影无忌：作为一位世界级的水下摄影师，据说您的初次体验却是在一只鱼缸里完成的？为什么那么喜欢水下摄影呢？
Xitek : As a world class underwater photographer, could you please describe your first experience of underwater photography ? Why do you like underwater photography ?
Adam:I had just left high school and loved swimming and surfing so was always drawn to the water.It was just so unpredictable and you get a different result almost every time. I used a Nikonos 5 camera to shoot some surf life saving and swimming images. It was much tougher back then as you only had 36 frames (no big CF cards in a digital camera), so you really had to think about and compose your images with much more care than maybe you do nowadays, as today there is no real consequence for not thinking when shooting on digital (except you perhaps don’t get the best shots!),
Adam：我刚刚高中毕业，喜欢游泳和冲浪，因此总能接触到水。也正是这样出乎意料的，你会得到不同的结果，几乎每次都是。我用了尼康诺斯5相机拍摄一些冲浪救生和游泳的图像。当你一次只能拍摄36张（没有大容量CF卡）的时候会困难得多。所以你不得不花费比你平时拍摄的影像更多的心思去思考和策划。如今在使用数码拍摄时如果你不加思考也是无法获得真正的成效（除非你不想得到最好的照片！）
色影无忌：一般要在水下工作多长时间？ 在水下拍摄的状态是怎么样的？
Xitek : In general how long will you work underwater for a shoot ? Can you describe the experience of shooting underwater ?
Adam:Sometimes we start planning for an underwater shoot years in advance. For example, to gain access to the Olympics and major sporting events, the team at Getty Images starts preparing years out, securing access and permissions, getting the gear tested and working and experimenting with different cameras and lenses.
Adam：有时我们开始规划一个水下拍摄需要提前几年。例如，要获取奥运会和重大体育赛事的报道权，Getty图片社团队提前开始准备，确保访问和权限，装置的测试工作，尝试用不同的相机和镜头。
When I am doing a shoot, it is tough to do a full day as you are in and out of the pool and it is really tiring for the subjects as well as me. How long it takes also depends on the brief for the shoot and how difficult it is to achieve the result we are after. Sometimes you might set up for a day and shoot for five minutes, or you might be in the water for one hour and take five pictures.
当我开始一个拍摄，这是很艰苦的，一天内要进进出出水池多次，真的是让人很疲惫的主题。需要多长时间取决于拍摄，实现我们所追求的结果是多么的困难。有时你可能准备了一天，只拍五分钟，或者你可能在水中一小时，为了五张图片。
As far as the experience goes, it is great. Given you are weightless when underwater you have complete flexibility as to where you move and can really travel around the three dimensions. While this freedom is great, it is also tricky to master as sometimes there are too many things going on and it is a challenge to stay focused on what you are trying to achieve.
就经验而言，真是太棒了！鉴于你在水下时是完全失重的状态，你有完全的灵活性在那里移动，真的可以全方位环游。而这种自由是伟大的，它也很难掌握，有时候有太多事情要做，这是一个挑战，保持专注，试着达到目的。
取决于我试图要表达的情绪或背景
色影无忌：在水下拍摄和陆地上拍摄不一样，要受很多诸如光线、水的透明度和风向等自然因素的限制，所以在水下拍摄一般产量比较低，好作品不易出现。看过您作品的人，都知道用光是您水下拍摄的绝招，您创造了独特的水下摄影方法，能具体谈谈么。
Xitek : Shooting underwater or on dry ground is totally different. Light, transparency of the water or other natural conditions are extremely hard to control which is probably why underwater shooting is not very frequent. People who saw your work knows that you have been developing your own specific way of shooting underwater for great achievements. Can you tell us more about your method ?
Adam:I use natural light, strobes/flash as well as HMI, depending on what I am trying to achieve with the mood, or the background. So my method changes as I learn more - and depending on the budget available!
Adam：我使用自然光、闪光灯、以及HMI，取决于我试图要表达的情绪或背景。因此，我的方法发生了变化，因为我了解更多，这取决于可用的预算！
色影无忌：在水下您是怎么控制拍摄的位置和角度呢？
Xitek : For underwater photography how do you control the shoot and the postion ?
Adam:I use scuba equipment most of the time, and then really give the subject a thorough brief about what I want them to do. I experiment as well, looking at the subject from all different sides and angles, which is why shooting underwater is so much fun.
Adam：我大部分时间使用潜水设备，然后我希望他们做一个彻底简短的主题我的实验，寻找拍摄对象各个不同的侧面和角度，这就是为什么水下拍摄如此有趣。
色影无忌：Profoto的产品在光线塑造上都是高要求，这在您拍摄中具体体现是？
Xitek : Profoto Light sharpers are many and offer various high quality results. In your shooting which one would be your favorites and what kind of effects are they offering you ?
Adam:I don't really have a favorite. I use soft boxes a lot and when shooting underwater I like the fresnel and the magnum reflectors as you can really direct the light and the water diffuses it a little anyway, as well as a beauty dis. I generally use a mix of light shapers. One thing I will say - when working underwater, simple is often the best solution.I would love to try using a giant reflector for an underwater shoot, and that is something I am yet to do.
Adam：我没有特别的喜好。我经常使用柔光箱，当我在水下拍摄时，我更喜欢使用菲涅尔灯罩和强力反光罩，因为使用它们可以让水面漫反射很少，光线可以直接照射到被摄物体，雷达罩也是一样的。我通常使用多种光线塑造工具，我要强调一点：在水下拍摄时，越简单越好，在水下拍摄时我喜欢使用一个巨型反光罩，这些就是我要做的。
允许自己偶尔稍微失去控制
色影无忌：您的图片给人一种华丽的艺术美感而又有其差异性在，您是怎样才能保持图片画面的新颖呢？
Xitek : Your pictures give a great feeling of beauty and freshness in Art, how do you do to always bring such feeling of new and beauty in it ?
Adam:I always keep experimenting and learning new techniques, and, while I worry about the little details, I also allow myself to lose control of the situation slightly at times. This pushes you into mistake territory where you might get something unexpected and fresh, or learn a valuable lesson to help you in the future. Ultimately, if you keep pushing yourself and get out of your comfort zone you will produce fresh and surprising work.
Adam：我总是不断尝试和学习新的技巧，而我担心的小细节，我允许自己偶尔稍微失去控制。这将使你进入错误的状况，但你可能因此会得到意想不到的新鲜东西，学到宝贵的经验教训，以帮助你在未来更好的拍摄。最后，如果你继续提高自己，走出自己的安乐窝，你会产生新鲜且令人惊讶的工作。
色影无忌：您现在也在拍摄广告摄影，您觉得这和之前的创作有什么不同，享受现在的状态么？
Xitek : Now you also work as an Commercial Photographer, What is the difference in between your previous work method and now ? And what does this new status bring to you ?
Adam:It is totally different. In my sport editorial work I have absolutely no control over the situation or lighting, and in a commercial environment I have much more control. When I made the shift to commercial I tried to create the kind of pictures that were tough to capture in the real world of editorial. The pictures you previously imagined taking are made possible when you have the greater control over the situation, lighting and environment that commercial shooting allows. That said, it is important to retain that freshness I mentioned before. It is when you loosen control that you often get something unexpected and unique. I also like the contrast of working in editorial and commercial, having no control to almost full control, designing my own lighting rather than using what is available, being able to interact and talk to the subject and make it a real collaboration rather than a captured moment. I find doing both keeps me fresh and excited about both areas of photography – it is all about balance.
Adam：这是完全不同的，在我的实况类拍摄的工作中我无法控制现场的情况和灯光的情况。但是在商业拍摄时，我可以控制这些。当我转向商业拍摄时我尝试创造一种能够捕捉住更加真实的现场的图片。这些图片就是你在之前所想过的，让你可以充分控制比赛情况，灯光和赛场环境的那种。就是说，我之前提到的保证新鲜感是非常重要的，当你不能控制所有情况时，你经常会获得一些意想不到的效果。我也喜欢对比商业拍摄和实况类拍摄，换句话说就是完全无法控制情况和能够掌握一切，与其自己设计布光倒不如使用现场的照明，能够与被拍摄对象互动和交谈使拍摄成为一次合作要比捕获一个瞬间更精彩。
色影无忌：最后，您希望给正在学习摄影的摄影师们什么建议呢？
Xitek : Finally, what kind of advise would you give students who are studying photography ?
Adam:
Try not to spend to much time in front of the computer.
不要花太多的时间在电脑前。
Get out there and shoot! Get experience behind the camera.
走出去，拍摄！获取经验。
Keep experimenting. Make mistakes and learn from them.
保持尝试，犯错误并从中吸取教训。
Be persistent. Don't take no for an answer – within reason!
坚持，不接受否定的答复——理智的！
Show your work to as many people as possible and listen to their feedback.
尽可能展示你的工作给更多的人，且倾听他们的意见。
Ask lots of questions!
多问问题！
影友问题收集：
Questions from photographers
Q:如果面对的是完全没有接触过的体育运动拍摄，你是如何进行准备与完成拍摄的，会去参考其他摄影师拍摄的相关照片或者去看赛事的录像吗?
In case you have to shoot a sport you before never been taking pictures of, what kind of preparations would you do ?
A:I try and research the sport a little, but not too much as I do not want to be influenced by what other people have done before. The best solution is to arrive at the event early and spend time observing the sport or event in action, and see what I think works the best without having anything else influence me.
我尝试去研究该项体育运动，但是我不想受到其他摄影师的拍摄风格影响。最好的做法是在赛事开始前到达现场，多花时间去观察该项运动和其运作，这样就可以明白应该如何做到最好，并且不被任何外界因素影响到我。
Q:在你的主页幻灯片里，有非常多简洁漂亮的照片，能够代表体育却无法让人得知更具体的信息 。这样的照片报社会采用吗?还是说这些照片在拍摄完毕，立刻查看的时候心里就知道："这张他们会发表" 、"这张很漂亮不过可能不会发表，自己放在主页上"？是否会出现"先完成工作用途的照片，再拍摄更注重自己想法的照片"这样的情况?
So on your website we can see quite a lot of very beautiful pictures, however they are lacking in pure informations regarding the competitions. Would media still publish them for news ? Also, once you finish your assignment would you also take pictures for yourself on the same spot ?
A:Yes, some media publications will publish a picture simply because it is a nice image, whether or not it has a big story attached to it. However it can be easier to have a picture published if there is also a newsworthy story to tell. I still think there are plenty of outlets that publish good photography for the sake of it, and, as we move further into the digital age, this is happening more and more as editors around the world have access to images instantly. I usually don't have many pictures of myself from events, only what some other photographers and friends might take of me.
是的，部分媒体出版社仅仅会因为它是一张漂亮的图片而刊登，不会考虑图片是否包含着经典的故事。不管怎样，如果一张图片有着新闻价值的故事，会更容易被刊登。我始终认为好的图片被刊登会有不少得益之处和更多的出路，当我们逐步进入到数码时代，这种情况会越来越常见，因为全球的编辑们可快速地获取影像。我一般很少会在工作中拍摄自己的照片，只有其他摄影师和朋友拍我。
Q:“摄影眼”的培养对于摄影水平的提高是否至关重要？
Is a "good eye for photography" important in order to improve quality and take good pictures ? What would it take to train a "good eye for photography" ?
Yes, I believe you need a good eye or some sort of feel for photography, and from my experience you either have it or you don't. You can develop your “eye” a lot, learn a lot, but I think deep down you need to have some underlying natural talent that you can nurture in order to really succeed in photography, no matter how hard you work. To help train your “eye”, you need to spend lots of time taking pictures, looking at pictures, getting help from others in editing your work, and helping others edit their work - just really saturate yourself in all elements of photography.
是的，我认为你需要有摄影眼或者对摄影有感觉，以我的经验之谈你需要都具备，要不就都没有。你可以多点开发你的“眼睛”，多学习，但是我进一步想到，无论你多努力，也需要有一定的潜在天赋，然后加以培养，才能真正在摄影上获得成功。为了训练好你的“眼睛”，你需要多花时间去拍照，多看照片，在编辑你的图片的时候多向其他人请教，帮助其他人编辑他们的图片---真正地让自己融入到摄影。
Q:对那些已经成名的专业摄影师来说，哪个阶段对他们的技术的精进起到了最关键的作用？
For a successful photographer, what skills would play a key role in this success ?
A:Patience! And be willing to make mistakes, be stubborn, take advice and ask questions.
耐心！不怕犯错，坚持，提出建议和提问。
Q:请问在拍摄新闻纪实类照片时，如果时间和光线状况不好，如何更有效的利用单灯，起到为照片增彩的作用？
For a news shooting, in case the natural light is not good enough, would it be possible to use flashes for a better result ?
A:In some instances you can use flash to improve your results for sports photography. However, if you are shooting a live sports event it is pretty rare that you are allowed to use flash as it can distract and be dangerous for the athletes. If I am doing a commercial shoot or portrait, I will always have a flash option available to me as a back up to the natural light, or simply to give myself total control over the lighting and atmosphere.
举个例子，你可以通过闪光灯去改善运动类拍摄。可是，如果你是现场拍摄运动赛事，几乎不会允许使用闪光灯，因为会对运动员造成干扰和危险。如果我进行商业或人像拍摄，我一般都会利用闪光灯系统来填补自然光的不足，或者更容易地让我控制现场光线和气氛。
Q:如何保持自己的摄影热情，在遇到瓶颈的时候，怎么才能有所突破？
After reaching success, how would you keep your passion for photography and be able to surpass yourself ?
A:I think "success" is pretty subjective, I am never totally satisfied with my own work as there is almost always something that you could have done better or improve upon. It is this that keeps me hungry and coming back again and again to try something new and push myself further. I definitely think passion is important and if you sense your passion is waning, you need to try something slightly different so that you can reignite that spark. We are lucky in photography in that there are so many areas and specialisations to master that you will never really be able to sit back, relax and say "yeah I am successful". There is always something new to see and to learn.
我认为“成功”是非常主观的，我从来不会满足于现状，因为你可以做得更好喝不断地改进。这就是使我保持“饥饿”和不断地回归，就为了不断地尝试新事物来推动自己走得更远。我肯定地认为热情是很重要的，如果你察觉到你的热情正在减退，你需要尝试不一样的事物，来重新点燃火花。在摄影界里我们是幸运的，因为有如此多的领域和专业人士，你不可能真正的停下来，放松，然后说“我是成功的！”永远都会有新事物去看和学习。
关于摄影师
Adam Pretty
1997年，Adam 以悉尼先驱晨报的新闻摄影师为起点，开展了他的摄影生涯。1998年，专注于体育摄影的他加入了著名的盖蒂图片社。自从加入盖蒂图片社团队，Adam经常往来于洛杉矶，悉尼，北京和悉尼。Adam参加过五届奥运会的拍摄，并参与全球高销量杂志的拍摄，包括《体育画报》，《生活月刊》，《时代》，《时尚芭莎》和《玛利嘉儿》。
广告客户包括：Adidas, Nike, Acer, L'Oreal, BMW, General Motors, and Coke.
获奖情况
World Press Photo:
1st Place Sports Story 2011
1st Place Sports Feature 2005
2nd Place Sports Story 2004
1st Place Sports Story 2000
SSF World Sports Photo Contest:
Special Photographers Award 2004
Pictures of the Year International:
1st Place Sports Portfolio 2010
1st Place Olympics Sports Picture 2004
1st Place Sports Portfolio 2000
1st Place Sports Action Picture 1999
1st Place Sports Portfolio 1999
Communication Arts
1st Place Book Category 2010:
Walkley Award:
1st Place Sports Photography 2011
Press Photographer of the Year 2004
1st Place Photo Essay
1st place news picture 1998
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